Pump



G. CONSTANHIIESCO.

PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE I4, I9I9-` Immune@ Im. 29, I QQI.

ATTORNEI I UNITED ls iAri-:s

PATENT OFFICE.,

coen coNsrANTINEsco, or WEYBRIDGE, ENGLAND, AssieNon or ONE-HALF To WALTER HADDON, or LONDON, ENGLAND.

PUMP.

To @ZZ w hom. t may concern:

Beit known that I, Croco CoNsrAN'rINnsoo, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Carmen Sylva, Beechwood avenue, Oatlands Park, W'eybridge, in the county of Surrey, England, formerly of the Haddon Engineering lVorls, Honeyp'ot Lane, Alperton, in the county ci Middlesex, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pumps, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to pumps and .particularly pumps adapted to be driven by liquid wave transmission systems of the type described in British Letters Patent No. 9029 of 1913 and No. 124.38 of 1914.

In U. S. A. application Serial No'. 164909, from which this case is a division, there are described percussive tools so arranged that the maxiiiiuinblow for a given expenditure of energy can .be obtained. The conditions .necessary Jfor thisin a reciprocating implement of the type described are that the natural time period of the reciprocating part which is supported in aA mean position by springs should be equal to the time period of the oscillations of. the liquid in the transmission line by whichthe tool is operated. Further, in order to produce a maximum, blow by means of the percussive tool it is necessary that the reciprocating-part of the tool should Vstrike the obstacle at the position at which this reciprocating part would it at rest be in equilibrium under the action of thesprings and the mean pressure of the transmission line supposed to act statically.

1` lli ,the case of a pump the maximum effect llil will be `produced when the mean position oit the piston under the action of the springs and the` mean pressure in the wave transmission line is halt way along the total travel ot the piston when the tool is being' operated. i 4

The present invention consists in a pump, blower., or the like, comprising a' reciprocating piston held in a mean position iby means oi springs aiidvactuated by alternating liquid currentsin a wave transmission line, the" pump being so constructed that its piston is iii equilibrium under the action ci the supporting spring and the mean pressure in the wave transmission line when atthe middle point oli its stroke. l

lin the specification. he. Maid@ ci 19M- Specicaizion of Letters Patent. Patented BIal. 29, 1921.

Original application led April 27, 1917, Serial No. 164,909. Divided and 1919. Serial No. 304,286.

this application led .Tune 14,

there are described a number of forms of condensers and resonators consisting of masses heldin a mean position by springs and actuated by two wave transmission lines and in the `British specilication No. 4350 of 1915 reciprocating implements are described which are operated by a single wave transmission'line.

The simplest method of obtaining reciprocating motion in this manner is to allow the piston to act against the spring'or a capacity comprising a volume of water or other liquid in order to obtain the required stroke.

In this simple method, however, and un less special conditions as regards the strength of the springs. and the mass of the reciprocating vpart are observed, only a portion of the available 'powercan be obtained in work done by the tool, andthe working may in certain cases be unsatisfactory owingto the reflection of the waves from Van elastic obs tacle.

One condition necessary for obtaining the maximum blow from a reciprocating implement is that the natural time period of the reciprocating part, that is to say, in the `case of the hammer, of the piston and hainmer supported in a mean position by springs. should be equal to the time period of +ie oscillations of the liquid in the transmission line operating the tool.

YWey have found further that in order to produce the maximum blow by means of a percussive tool, the reciprocating part of the tool should strike the obstacle at the posi- -tion in which thereciprocating part would it at rest be inequilibrium under the action of its springs and the mean pressure in the transmission line supposed to act statically.

With a percussive tool arranged in this manner the .maximum blow* for a given eX- penditure ot power in the line is obtained,

-but on the other hand there also occurs, ow-

ing to the sudden arrest' of the'reciprocating piston,` a considerable dei'oimation of the current in the transmission line unless this is considerably greater than the current actually required to operate the tool.

If a 'single spriiinm is used this condition is A Y andthe front spring completely released.

When the mean pressure in the line is determined, and the stroke required this relation at once givesthe strength ot the front spring required for any given section of the piston. The strength of lthe back Spring is given by the condition that there should be resonance between the natural time period of the reciprocating parts and the time period in the transmission line.

If the period is about 1,000 per minute the maximum effect will bef given when the back spring fully compressed exerts a force F2 given by F2205? F1. In calculating springsthe Weight of the 'reciprocating parts including half the i Weights of the springs must be such that the natural time 'period'of free oscillation of the system formed by these parts shall be equal to the periodicityin the line.

Vhen these proportions are observed the greatest quantity of liquid will be dealt with by the pump with a minimum of absorption of current from the Wave transmission line.

rIhe accompanying'drawing is a vertical sectionl of a pump` constructed in accordance with the invention.

In the lpump illustrated the Water isv pumped through the inlet .valve into the pump chamber 141 and passes out through the delivery valve 142 to the vessel 1&3 containing air inclosed in its upper end. The delivery pipe 1442 passes centrally down in the vessel 1&3. The vvave transmission line 1415 is connected to the cylinder 11G `in which Works the pump piston 117, the pumping portion of the piston being of considerably greater diameter than'the diameter of' the cylinder 146. The piston 14T held in a .mean position by springs 11i-8,119, and these springs are so arranged that the reciprocating parts, including the piston, the water contained therein, and half the mass ot the springs, are in resonance under [he action of -their springsI with the periodicity in the mean pressure in the Wave transmission line.l

Under these conditions the maximum effect will be obtained.

Itshould be noted that in calculating the period ot the resonator the weight oi the Water in the pump piston must be included.

I-Iaving now described my invention. what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is A pump adapted to be driven by a series of periodic variations of pressure and volume traveling along a liquid column, comprising in combination a cylinder open at its ends, a piston adapted to reciprocate in said cylinder, sp"ings acting in opposite directions on said piston, a plunger adapted to actuate said piston, said plunger being subjected to the changes oi pressure and volume of' said liquid column and being` in equilibrium in its mean position under the action ot-said springs and the mean pressure in said liquid column. v i

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specilication.

GOGII CONSTANTINESCO. 

